After the diesel generator fuel is completely burned, the normal exhaust color is generally light gray, and it is dark gray when the load is slightly heavy. Diesel engine in the work, occasionally appear black smoke, white smoke, blue smoke and other abnormal phenomena, it is to judge the condition of diesel engine failure, analysis is as follows:
First, black smoke
Diesel is a complex hydrocarbon, and the unburned diesel injected into the combustion chamber is decomposed at high temperatures, forming carbon black. When vented, it is discharged with the exhaust gas to form black smoke. Black smoke is a sign of incomplete combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber. The main influencing factors are as follows:
1, piston ring, cylinder liner wear
After the piston ring and cylinder liner wear, the compression pressure is insufficient, so that the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke, the normal proportion of mixture mixing changes, so that the fuel is burned under oxygen-free conditions, resulting in carbon accumulation.
2, the fuel injector is not working well
The injector does not atomize or drop oil, so that the fuel cannot be fully mixed with the air in the cylinder, nor can it be fully burned. The phenomenon of black smoke emission caused by the poor operation of the injector is more obvious when the diesel engine is running at low speed. Because the intake swirl in the cylinder is weak at low speed, the possibility of oil droplets or oil clusters being dispersed by the air stream is reduced and the stay time is longer, which is easier to form carbon black discharge.
3, the combustion chamber shape change
The manufacturing quality of the combustion chamber shape does not meet the technical requirements, so that the compression residual seam is too large and too small and the piston position is installed incorrectly, which will change the shape of the combustion chamber, thus affecting the mixing quality of fuel and air, and making the combustion conditions worse.
4. Improper adjustment of oil supply advance Angle
1) The oil supply advance Angle is too large, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber too early, because the pressure temperature in the cylinder is low at this time, the fuel can not be ignited and burned, when the piston goes up, the cylinder reaches a certain pressure and temperature, and the combustible mixture is burned.
2) The oil supply advance Angle is too small, the fuel injected into the cylinder is too late, part of the fuel is separated or discharged too late to form a combustible mixture, and the fuel discharged with the exhaust gas is decomposed by high temperature, forming black smoke.
5, the oil supply is too large
The oil supply is too large, so that the amount of oil into the cylinder increases, resulting in more oil and less gas fuel combustion incomplete. In addition, heavy work load, poor fuel quality, working temperature is too low will also cause black smoke exhaust.
Two, blue smoke
The lubricating oil enters the cylinder and evaporates into blue oil and gas. The main reasons for the blue smoke emitted with the exhaust gas are:
1, the air filter is blocked, the intake is not smooth or the oil level in the oil basin is too high (oil bath air filter).
2. Oil is mixed with lubricating oil.
3, piston ring mouth.
4. The cylinder gasket near the body leading to the cylinder head oil passage is burned.
5, piston ring, piston, cylinder liner wear
Three, white smoke
When the diesel generator set is just started or in the cold machine state, the exhaust pipe emits white smoke, because the diesel engine cylinder temperature is low and the oil and gas is evaporated. This is especially true in winter. If the heating machine, the exhaust pipe is still emitting white smoke, it is judged that the diesel engine is faulty. The main reasons are as follows:
1. The cylinder liner is cracked or the cylinder pad is damaged, the cooling water enters the cylinder, and the water mist or water vapor is formed when the exhaust is discharged.
2, the injector atomization is poor, there is dripping oil phenomenon.
3. The oil supply advance Angle is too small.
4, there is water and air in the fuel.
5, the injection pump pressure is too low or the piston, cylinder liner and other serious wear caused by insufficient compression force.
For more questions about the generator set, please call the Beidou Power team. More than ten years of professional production and sales of power generation equipment experience, more professional engineer team to serve you, choose Beidou power is to choose rest assured, welcome on-site factory inspection.
Post time: Oct-17-2024